Department of Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery at Medical College Kolkata: A Comprehensive Overview

Introduction

The Department of Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery (CTVS) at Medical College, Kolkata, is one of the oldest and most respected surgical units in Eastern India. Established in 1975, it has been at the forefront of cardiac and thoracic surgery for decades. Under the guidance of pioneering figures like Late Prof. BN Guharay, the department has evolved significantly, offering a wide range of surgical interventions and procedures. This article provides a detailed overview of the department’s history, services, facilities, and advancements in cardiothoracic and vascular surgery.

Historical Background

Foundation and Evolution

The CTVS unit began its journey in 1975, evolving into a full-fledged department in 1982. Initially, the focus was on non-open-heart surgeries, which included various thoracic operations and interventions for congenital heart diseases. Key milestones in the department’s history include:

• 1975: Establishment of the CTVS unit.
• 1982: Growth into a recognized department under Prof. BN Guharay.
• 1983: Performance of the first open-heart surgery in the unit, marking a new era in cardiac care.

Major Achievements

• Open Heart Surgery: The first open-heart surgery was performed on December 3, 1983, on a 7-year-old female patient suffering from Atrial Septal Defect (ASD). This was a significant milestone for the department.
• Valve Replacements: Over the years, the department expanded its capabilities to include valve replacements for both aortic and mitral valves, as well as double valve replacements.
• Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG): Today, CABG is the primary focus, utilizing the Left Internal Mammary Artery (LIMA) and other conduits for the procedure.

Services Offered

The Department of Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery at Medical College, Kolkata, provides a comprehensive range of surgical services, including but not limited to:

Cardiac Surgery

• Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG): This is performed using the LIMA and occasionally the radial artery. CABG aims to restore blood flow to the heart muscle.
• Valve Surgery: Procedures to replace or repair heart valves are routinely performed, including:
  • Aortic Valve Replacement
  • Mitral Valve Replacement
  • Double Valve Replacement
• Complex Cardiac Repairs: The department handles complications arising from myocardial infarctions (MI), including:
  • Post-MI Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
  • Left Ventricular Aneurysms
  • Aortic Aneurysms, including arch aneurysms

Thoracic Surgery

• Lung Surgeries: Various thoracic operations are conducted, such as:
  • Decortication of the lungs
  • Lobectomy
  • Thoracic procedures for portal hypertension
• Oesophageal Surgeries: Advanced operations include:
  • Colon transfer for strictures in the oesophagus
  • Trans hiatal oesophagectomy

Vascular Surgery

• Peripheral Vascular Interventions: The department conducts several vascular procedures to address issues such as peripheral artery disease.

Heart Transplantation

• Milestone Procedures: The department made history by performing the first heart transplantation in a government hospital on November 17, 2018. This surgery was successful for a 39-year-old patient with dilated cardiomyopathy. A second transplantation followed shortly on December 20, 2018, demonstrating the unit’s capability in complex cardiac procedures.

Facilities Available

The Department of CTVS at Medical College, Kolkata, is equipped with state-of-the-art facilities to ensure the highest standards of care. Key facilities include:

Surgical Suites

• Modern Operating Theatres: Equipped with advanced surgical equipment, the operating theatres support complex cardiac and thoracic procedures.
• Cardiopulmonary Bypass Machines: Essential for open-heart surgeries, ensuring patient safety during procedures.

Intensive Care Unit (ICU)

• Post-Operative Care: The ICU is equipped with advanced monitoring systems for patients recovering from surgery.
• Specialized Staff: A team of trained intensivists and nurses provides round-the-clock care to post-operative patients.

Diagnostic Facilities

• Cardiac Imaging: The department employs advanced imaging techniques, including echocardiography, CT scans, and MRIs, to assess heart conditions.
• Laboratory Services: On-site laboratory services facilitate timely diagnostic testing.

Education and Training

The department also plays a significant role in educating the next generation of surgeons. It conducts:

• Fellowships and Training Programs: Opportunities for advanced training in cardiothoracic surgery.
• Continuing Medical Education: Workshops and seminars to update the skills of existing practitioners.

Patient-Centric Care

The Department of Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery emphasizes a patient-centric approach to healthcare. Key aspects include:

Multidisciplinary Team

• Collaborative Care: The department works closely with cardiologists, radiologists, and primary care physicians to develop comprehensive treatment plans.
• Patient Counseling: Prior to surgery, patients receive thorough counseling about procedures, risks, and recovery.

Post-Operative Support

• Follow-Up Care: Regular follow-ups are scheduled to monitor recovery and address any concerns.
• Patient Education: Patients are educated about lifestyle modifications and rehabilitation programs post-surgery.

Accessibility

Located at DHB Building Top Floor, Dept. of CTVS, 88, College St, Calcutta Medical College, College Square, Kolkata, West Bengal 700073, the department is easily accessible. It operates 24 hours a day, ensuring that patients receive timely care.

Contact Information

• Phone: 033 2255 1511
• Hours: Open 24 Hours

Future Directions

The Department of Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery at Medical College, Kolkata, is poised for future growth and development. Plans include:

• Expansion of Services: Introducing more advanced procedures and technologies in cardiovascular care.
• Research Initiatives: Focusing on clinical research to enhance patient outcomes and develop innovative surgical techniques.
• Community Outreach Programs: Increasing awareness of heart diseases and preventive care through community health initiatives.

Conclusion

The Department of Cardiothoracic & Vascular Surgery at Medical College, Kolkata, has established itself as a leader in cardiac care. With a rich history, a wide range of surgical services, and a commitment to patient care, the department continues to make significant contributions to the field of cardiovascular medicine. The integration of advanced technology, skilled personnel, and a holistic approach to patient management positions this department as a beacon of hope for patients with complex cardiac conditions.

For more information, you can reach out to the department directly or visit their facilities for consultations and services.